NAB3036 Green Shipping
Course description for academic year 2017/2018
Contents and structure
Maritime Envorinmental Management
Interaction between shipping and aquatic ecosystems
Observed during a vessels lifecycle from keel laying to beaching with a focus on:
Antifouling:
antifouling systems and the still existing problem of biocid substitutes
alternative concepts based on coatings with non-stick properties or pH-value modification
effectiveness of environmental friendly anti fouling systems
Ballast Water Systems:
propagation of invasive species induced by seagoing vessels
ballastwater treatment, range of different systems
control of the operational reliability of ballastwater treatment technologies with mobile ballastwater analysis systems proofed by IMO and US-Coastguard (exercises)
Sevage and Garbage:
waste water systems and incineration plants on vessels, especially on cruise vessels
special focus on the input of microplastics in marine ecosystems caused by shipping and fishing (exercises)
Geopolitics:
temporal range of fossil energy resources for shipping in the context of geopolitics
joint reflection of the technical terms energy efficiency, energy consumption and energy balance
energy management parameters from the perspective of the yard (EEDI), the shipping company (EEOI) and the crew (SEEMP) (exercises)
Underwater Noise:
reduction measures and measurements on the propagation of underwater noise induced by vessels
Oil Spill Control:
environmental consequences of oil entrainment
oil recovering technologies
Dismantling of Ships:
the ecological and social consequences of beaching
Most of today´s ship propulsion systems use different fossil fuels. This fuels (liquid: marine gas oil, heavy fuel oil, etc. and gas: natural gas (stored as liquid natural gas (LNG)) are very different for the ship user (e.g. costs, tank and storage systems onshore and onboard, energy efficiency of the combustion engines and ship propulsion systems, ship handling and exhaust gas emissions).
Ships are designed to sail at least 20 ¿ 25 years. Dependent on the ship type, its dimensions, speed and tasks the ship has to fulfill different environmental laws and regulations. In addition to this legal questions the ship crew is able to save energy (= costs!) if they are able to run the systems under optimal conditions (according to the loading, speed etc.)
To assess a ship propulsion system and its fuels it is useful to measure the different ship and engine parameters as accurate as possible. Therefor different measurement systems (nautical data like speed, trim, wind, flow, wave direction and height, and technical data like engine speed and torque, (= power output), air and fuel consumption (volume, temperature and pressure), internal cylinder pressure, exhaust gas temperatures, pressure and content (like N2, O2, CO2, CO, H2O, NOX, SOx, Methane, soot and fine dust, ¿)
The different ship operation system (like cooling water systems, fresh water, ballast, bilge, ¿.) are following same principle regarding energy optimized operation. Therefor the systems and the diesel generators have to be controlled with the same measurement systems than the propulsion engine(s).
In addition to this measurement the main electric quantities (like frequency, voltage, current, electric power and cos ¿) have to be observed.
The theoretical and practical knowledge about the different measurement principles, technic and installation, together with a proper evaluation and classification of the measurement results, will help the technical maritime personal to run a ship under energy saving conditions with a minimum of environmental harmful emissions.
The international maritime transport is increasingly confronted with new environmental requirements. By adopting the EU regulation on the monitoring of marine carbon emissions (MRV Directive), it is mandatory to measure, document and test CO2 emissions. As from 01.01.2018, the shipowners whose ships are calling EU ports are required to report. A similar rule is also discussed at the IMO level. A performance monitoring tool can make a significant contribution to CO2 monitoring and CO2 savings. The current developments towards efficient and environmentally-friendly shipping ensure that the topic of performance monitoring is becoming increasingly important. Constant monitoring and regular evaluation of the operating data can make ship operation more efficient. But which method, which program and which measuring system are to be chosen for which vessel?
Another important environmental regulation is on international level the HONKONG CONVENTION that gives new requirements for ship recycling as well as the new European regulation from the European Council that will make the European ship recycling regulation applicable to all ships over 500 GT that enter an EU harbor. For these a IHM list is required. How this list is build and monitored
climate policy and shipping¿s fair share
Renewable energy for ship propulsion
Wind propulsion for commercial ships:
Different technologies (wing sail, Dynarig, Flettner-rotor, traction kite: functional principle, design, performance
Operational aspects: effects on ship stability, manoeuvering, watchkeeping
Route optimization
Fuel (emissions) savings and economical aspects
Case studies (from research projects)
Student exercises (e.g. calculations on efficiency and fuel savings, impact on stability and maneuvering, performance prediction, routing)
Learning Outcome
Entry requirements
None
Recommended previous knowledge
-
Teaching methods
Lectures/seminars, group work, presentations in class.
Compulsory learning activities
A
Assessment
Portfolio exam, 100%.
Grading scale A-F.
Examination support material
All printed and written study aids may be used
More about examination support material